A醇，也就是維他命A，是第一個在實驗室合成的維他命，方法來自1947年的David Adrianne van Dorf和Jozef Ferdinand Arens。A醇使用在皮膚的研究從60年代早期開始，但它的不穩定性使它無法發揮全部潛力，到90年代化學家才透過配方穩定使它重獲關注。
A醇可以正常化表皮生理結構，穩定角質層，抑制黑色素合成，刺激膠原蛋白和彈性纖維生成。A醇可減少黑色素轉移、增加角質細胞代謝，改善光老化引起的膚色黯沉和粗糙。已有證據顯示外用A醇能間接刺激膠原蛋白增生，改善皮膚下垂、皺紋和彈性。
參考資料：
Motamedi, M., Chehade, A., Sanghera, R., & Grewal, P. (2022). A clinician’s guide to topical retinoids. Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, 26(1), 71-78.
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Czuba, L. C., Fay, E. E., LaFrance, J., Smith, C. K., Shum, S., Moreni, S. L., … & Hebert, M. F. (2022). Plasma retinoid concentrations are altered in pregnant women. Nutrients, 14(7), 1365.
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